1.63- What is Research credit?

• Updated April 19, 2022: Taxpayers who file a claim for refund that includes an IRC Section 41 research credit must comply with the requirement to provide the five items of information when the claim for refund is based on an IRC Section 41 research credit from a pass-through entity. For more information on IRC Section 41 research credit claims for refund involving BBA partnerships and non-BBA pass-through entities such as a TEFRA partnership, S corporation, estate, trust, cooperative, or other non-TEFRA or non-BBA pass-through entities, and their partners, shareholders, beneficiaries, or member-patrons, please see the Research Credit Claims frequently asked questions.
  

• Updated January 5, 2022: The timeframe for perfecting research credit claims has been modified to 45 days. For further information, see the Research Credit Claims frequently asked questions.

IR-2021-203, October 15, 2021

WASHINGTON — The IRS has set forth the information that taxpayers will be required to include for a research credit claim for refund to be considered valid. Existing Treasury Regulations require that for a refund claim to be valid, it must set forth sufficient facts to apprise IRS of the basis of the claim. The Chief Counsel memorandumPDF will be used to improve tax administration with clearer instructions for eligible taxpayers to claim the credit while reducing the number of disputes over such claims.

Effective tax administration entails ensuring taxpayers understand what is required to support the claim for the research and experimentation (R&E) credit. Each year, the IRS receives thousands of R&E claims for credits in the hundreds of millions of dollars from corporations, businesses, and individual taxpayers. Claims for research credit under IRC Section 41 are currently examined in a substantial number of cases and consume significant resources for both the IRS and taxpayers.

The Chief Counsel legal advice released today is the result of ongoing efforts to manage research credit issues and resources in the most effective and efficient manner. By requiring taxpayers to provide the information referenced below, the IRS will be better able to determine upfront if an R&E credit claim for refund should be paid immediately or whether further review is needed.

Specifically, the opinion provides that for a Section 41 research credit claim for refund to be considered a valid claim, taxpayers are required to provide the following information at the time the refund claim is filed with the IRS:

• Identify all the business components to which the Section 41 research credit claim relates for that year.

• For each business component, identify all research activities performed and name the individuals who performed each research activity, as well as the information each individual sought to discover.

• Provide the total qualified employee wage expenses, total qualified supply expenses, and total qualified contract research expenses for the claim year. This may be done using Form 6765, Credit for Increasing Research ActivitiesPDF.

The IRS will provide a grace period (until January 10, 2022) before requiring the inclusion of this information with timely filed Section 41 research credit claims for refund. Upon the expiration of the grace period, there will be a one-year transition period during which taxpayers will have 30 days to perfect a research credit claim for refund prior to the IRS' final determination on the claim. Further details will be forthcoming; however, taxpayers may begin immediately providing this information.

The IRS plans to continue engaging with stakeholders on research credit issues. Comments may be sent to irs.feedback.recredit.claims@irs.gov.